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2019, Volume 35, Number 1, Page(s) 036-045
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DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2018.01438 |
Detection of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Gene Re-Arrangement in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma in the Indian Population: Comparison of Techniques and Immunohistochemistry Clones |
Saumya SHUKLA1, Rahul Kumar PANDEY1, Surya KANT2, Rajiv GARG2, Nidhi ANAND1, Ram Awadh Singh KUSHWAHA2, Kiran Preet MALHOTRA1, Anand SRIVASTAVA2, Madan Lal Brahma BHATT3, Nuzhat HUSAIN1 |
1Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, LUCKNOW, UP-INDIA 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George’s Medical University, LUCKNOW, UP-INDIA 3Department of Radiation Oncology, King George’s Medical University, LUCKNOW, UP-INDIA |
Keywords:
Non-small cell lung carcinoma, ALK re-arrangement, Fluorescence in situ hybridization, Immunohistochemistry |
Objective: Predictive and prognostic markers have revolutionized personalized therapy in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Crizotinib
is now approved for locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC that is anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive by either Fluorescence in situ
hybridization (FISH) or immunohistochemistry (IHC). The current study aimed to detect the incidence of ALK gene re-arrangement in the
Indian population, to compare the various IHC antibodies with FISH as a gold standard, and to analyze the morphology of cases with ALK
phenotype.
Material and Method: A case series of 614 cases of NSCLC were included. IHC for detection of ALK phenotype was compared with FISH using
5A4 clone (Labvision, USA), ALK-1(Dako, Denmark) and D5F3 clone (Ventana, USA).
Results: ALK gene rearrangement was evident in 4.07% of the cases. Cases with ALK phenotype had unique histomorphology with presence
of mucin or signet ring cells in association with necrosis, high tumour grade and poor differentiation. Comparison of various antibody clones
used in IHC revealed that the sensitivity and specificity using the D5F3 clone (100%, 100%) and 5A4 clone (87.5%, 100%) were similar while the
ALK-1 clone had the lowest sensitivity and specificity (50%, 95.5%).
Conclusion: The incidence of ALK gene rearrangement in NSCLC in the current Indian study is within the worldwide reported range of 3-5%.
This is the first study from the Indian subcontinent to compare various IHC antibodies used for detection of ALK phenotype. IHC using D5F3
clone and 5A4 clone may be considered as a rapid reliable and inexpensive method for detection of ALK gene rearrangement.
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